- NCLEX Practice
- Topics
- Immunity
There are three types of immunity: innate, adaptive, and passive. Innate immunity is the body's natural defense against infection, such as nasal mucus and cough reflex. Adaptive immunity occurs through exposure to a pathogen or vaccine. Passive immunity comes from another individual, such as a newborn getting a mother's antibodies through breastmilk.
The patient presents to the urgent care clinic with a hand laceration sustained while using pruning shears in the garden. Which vaccine is most important for this patient?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 3Topics: Delegation, Prioritization and Leadership Disease Prevention Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection Medication and Blood Products Nursing Interventions Routes of Administration Tissue IntegrityThe patient presents to the clinic following being bitten by a bat while cleaning out a barn. The nurse anticipates administering which vaccine?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 2Topics: Disease Prevention Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection Medication and Blood Products Routes of AdministrationThe nurse is reviewing the results of a patient’s sputum culture as part of a sepsis evaluation. The culture tested positive for Acinetobacter baumannii. Which is the most appropriate interpretation of these results?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 8Topics: Immunity Infection InflammationA patient presents to the dermatology office with complaints of several areas of pruritic silver-gray patches on the elbows, knees, and trunk. The nurse anticipates which diagnosis will be made?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 3Topics: Assessment Immunity Inflammation Tissue IntegrityThe 8-year-old presents with a generalized rash. The patient's mother reports that some areas of the rash have developed into pimples that are oozing clear fluid. The nurse places this patient on which type of precaution(s)? Select all that apply.Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select AllDifficulty: 7Topics: Delegation, Prioritization and Leadership Disease Prevention Assessment Health Care Ethics, Law, and Policy Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection Nursing Interventions Pediatrics Tissue IntegrityWhich lab value is consistent with acute disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC)?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 8Topics: Hematology/Oncology Cardiovascular Immunity Inflammation Laboratory StudiesThe patient with type I diabetes mellitus has contracted influenza A. Which lab must be most closely monitored in this patient to prevent a life-threatening complication?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 9Topics: Acid-Base Endocrine Assessment Fluid and Electrolytes Immunity InfectionThe pregnant patient has experienced preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at 32 weeks. The patient is not in active labor. The nurse is aware this patient is most at risk for which complication?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 4Topics: Labor and Delivery Prenatal Care Immunity Infection Sexuality and ReproductionA unit has experienced a significant rise in the incidence of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which action item will be most effective to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired UTIs?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 3Topics: Disease Prevention Elimination Health Care Ethics, Law, and Policy Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity InfectionA paper cut represents which step in the chain of infection?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 2Topics: Immunity Infection Tissue IntegrityWhich interventions does the nurse implement for thepatient diagnosed with Clostridium difficile? Select all that apply. Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select AllDifficulty: 7Topics: Disease Prevention Delegation, Prioritization and Leadership Elimination Health Care Ethics, Law, and Policy Health Care Quality Immunity Infection Nursing InterventionsWhich patient does the nurse assess first following shift change report?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 7Topics: Delegation, Prioritization and Leadership Assessment Cardiovascular Hematology/Oncology Immunity Inflammation Medication and Blood ProductsThe nurse is caring for a 21-year-old diagnosed with Lyme disease. Which feature suggests this is early localized disease?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 2Topics: Assessment Immunity Infection Inflammation Tissue IntegrityThe patient who will be travelling out of the country soon is concerned about traveler's diarrhea. How does the nurse counsel the patient?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 6Topics: Disease Prevention Gastrointestinal Elimination Health Promotion Immunity Infection Inflammation Patient EducationThe patient with Guillain-Barre Syndrome is ordered to undergo plasmapheresis. Which rationale for the procedure does the nurse provide to the patient and family?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 4Topics: Neurology Immunity Infection Inflammation Patient EducationA 25-year-old female with burns is about to undergo skin autologous graft procedure. Which could be a source of the skin tissue to be transplanted to the patient?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 2Topics: Immunity Inflammation Tissue IntegrityThe nurse is assigned to care for a 45-year-old patient who presents with a three-day history of fever, sore throat, chills, and myalgia. On physical assessment, the nurse notes the patient has multiple erythematous macular areas surrounding bullous lesions, some of which have ruptured and desquamated. Past medical history is significant for a recently diagnosed seizure disorder, managed with lamotrigine. Which intervention will be performedfirst?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 6Topics: Medication and Blood Products Neurology Immunity Inflammation Tissue IntegrityThe nurse is assigned to a 45-year-old HIV-positive male patient who is admitted with a MRSA skin infection on his right arm secondary to intravenous drug use. The patient is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. Twenty minutes after starting the vancomycin infusion, the patient develops a mild erythematous macular rash on the face, trunk and extremities. Which action is performedfirst?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 8Topics: Medication and Blood Products Immunity Infection Inflammation Nursing Interventions Routes of AdministrationThe nurse is assigned to care for a patient who presents with fever, chills, lethargy, and sore throat. Past medical history is significant for schizophrenia diagnosed three months ago for which clozapine was prescribed. Which additional laboratory findingdoes the nurse expect to see in this patient?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 7Topics: Medication and Blood Products Psychiatric Medications Health Promotion Hematology/Oncology Immunity Inflammation Laboratory StudiesThe nurse is taking care of a patient who is prescribed chloramphenicol. After three days, the patient develops fatigue and dyspnea on exertion. Physical assessment reveals tachycardia, pallor and multiple petechiae on the trunk and extremities. The nurse anticipates which laboratory result(s)?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 7Topics: Hematology/Oncology Medication and Blood Products Cardiovascular Immunity Laboratory StudiesThe nurse knows which immunoglobulins are passed to the neonate through breastfeeding? Select all that apply. Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select AllDifficulty: 2Topics: Labor and Delivery Neonatal Care ImmunityHow frequently does the nurse clean the toys of a pediatric patient with measles?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 4Topics: Disease Prevention Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection Nursing Interventions PediatricsThe nurse caring for the patient with pulmonary tuberculosis requests which personal protective equipment?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 2Topics: Disease Prevention Health Care Ethics, Law, and Policy Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection RespiratoryA 30-year-old female presents in the emergency room with symptoms of a lower respiratory infection with a productive cough, but there are no N95 respirators for the staff to utilize. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 5Topics: Disease Prevention Health Care Ethics, Law, and Policy Health Care Quality Health Promotion Health Screening Immunity Infection RespiratoryWhich personal hygiene interventions will increase the patient’s risk for infection? Select all that apply. Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select AllDifficulty: 6Topics: Disease Prevention Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection Nursing Interventions Tissue IntegrityThe unvaccinated child presents to the emergency department with a fever lasting 6 days, malaise, and a new, diffuse, maculopapular rash that started on the face and has spread to the chest and arms. Prior to entering the room to assess the patient, the nurse dons which personal protective equipment (PPE)? Select all that apply. Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select AllDifficulty: 5Topics: Disease Prevention Health Care Ethics, Law, and Policy Health Care Quality Immunity Infection InflammationA patient who was admitted with measles infection spent 4 hours in the busy emergency department. Each hour the patient was in the emergency department, 10 new patients entered the room. This trend continued for six hours after the patient was admitted to a room. How many patients are at risk for contracting the measles virus?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 8Topics: Disease Prevention Health Screening Health Care Quality Immunity InfectionThe 4-year-old child is admitted with measles. Which medication does the nurse prepare to administer initially?Question Type:Multiple Choice - Select OneDifficulty: 4Topics: Health Care Quality Health Promotion Immunity Infection Inflammation Medication and Blood Products Tissue Integrity
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